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Author Archives: Grupa Wolff
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The world's first hydrogen bomb design was developed in 1951 by a team of scientists working for the US government in a secret project "Manhattan". Stanisław Ulam, a Polish mathematician and graduate of Lvov Technical University, was among the scientists working on this project. In the USA, this project is still named "Teller-Ulam" project - after Edward Teller, the team leader, and Ulam. The hydrogen bomb has a huge destructive force: it is estimated that if a city with 3 million inhabitants was attacked, half of the population would die within a few minutes or suffer serious injuries. Stanislaw Ulam was also the creator of the first numerical methods, including Monte Carlo method.
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The explosion of the oil tanks belonging to HOSL, England, which took place on 11 December 2005, was recorded by the British Geological Research Centre as an earthquake measuring 2.4 on the Richter scale. It was recorded even in Belgium, France and Holland. The cloud of smoke was visible from space.
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The shock wave forming a thin layer in which a rapid increase in gas pressure and gas flow velocity occur propagates faster than the speed of sound (in air, this value is 340 m/s).
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By 1938, the Polish industry did not produce any machinery and equipment in explosion-proof version. It was not until that year that Zakłady Elektromechaniczne Rohn-Zieliński (Electromechanical Plant Rohn-Zieliński) in Cieszyn (now ME Celma SA) started preparing for the production of explosion-proof motors based on the license documentation of the Swiss company Brown Boveri. The motors were designed for mining industry.
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Jacek Trzmiel was born in Lodz in 1928. In 1944 he was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp. The camp was liberated in 1945. Two years later he emigrated to the USA and established Commodore International. In 1977, the first personal computer Commodore PET was built. The later model, Commodore 64 (1982), left behind such giants as Apple and IBM - as many as 17 million computers were sold worldwide. Commodore 64 was entered into the Guinness Book of Records as the best-selling model in the history of computer.
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The man, whose capacitance is 200 pF, is able to charge himself electrically to 10 000 V. In this case, the energy released during an electrostatic discharge is 10 mJ. This value exceeds many times the minimum ignition energy of gases, vapours and dusts particles.
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In 1984, in Bhopal (India), there was the largest and most tragic industrial disaster in history. In the Union Carbide plant, one of the tanks containing dioxins exploded and consequently, 40 tons of extremely toxic methyl isocyanate were released into the atmosphere. Approximately 3 thousand people died as a result of the disaster and another 15 thousand as a result of the post-disaster complications.
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The name of the ATEX directive comes from the French expression Atmosphères Explosibles, which means explosive atmospheres.
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