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Explosion relief – panels versus valves Advantages and limitations

Posted by  Grupa Wolff Category Do you know that..., Explosion Risk Assessment, Knowledge Base 

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Dust explosion in a silo – statistics, risks, myths and viable safety measures

Posted by  Grupa Wolff Category Do you know that... 

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Explore the advantages and limitations of explosion protection – a practical guide

Posted by  Grupa Wolff Category Do you know that..., Knowledge Base 

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The problems most frequently named by operation maintenance staff with regard to hazardous gases detec-tors (including ammonia) are relatively short gas sensor life cycle, possibility of poisoning, or sensor con-tamination, necessity to carry out frequent checks, cleaning, maintenance and replacement of the sensors.

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The main reason for the industrial accidents resulting from electrostatic discharge are objects isolated from the ground which may accumulate electrostatic charge. In literature they are called isolated conductors. In practice, these are most often metal flanges, connectors or valves on pipelines, drums, containers, hoses, road or railroad tankers, but also people.

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The international Certified Assembly Partner (CAP) is a special training programme dedicated to local pro-duction plants, carried out by authorised distributors throughout the respective country and operating within the quality assurance system.

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According to experts, LED-based luminaires allow industrial plants to save up to a few tens of percent of electricity.

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According to the statistics, filtration units and cyclones belong to the group of equipment seriously threatened with explosions. According to BIA Statistics – Reports 11/97, filters and cyclones are the second group of equipment most seriously threatened with explosions after silos and containers, and in case of metallic dusts, as much as 44% of all explosions in the industry occur in dust extraction systems). Only silos and tanks are more seriously threatened.

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ExPlant is an innovative CMMS system for maintenance management. It is a complete knowledge base of the plant and a complex system of supervision over the operation of technological devices. It enables continuous monitoring of individual devices, as well as the whole system in terms of technical safety and environmental. Moreover, it provides or early detect failures thereby reducing their costs.

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The 858 MW unit operated at the Bełchatów Power Plant is the biggest and most modern power generating unit in the Polish power industry. The whole carburizing system consists of ca. 6.5 thousand tons of steel structures, ca. 1,500 running metres of galleries, 3,000 metres of conveyors, as well as a crushing and granulation processing system. The process line also includes a slot tank with a capacity of 5,000 tons of coal that is used as a storage reservoir supplying the new unit with coal.

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Albert Einstein was nominated for the Nobel Prize 11 times. He was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect and "for his services to Theoretical Physics" and not as most people think - for the formulation of the Theory of Relativity.

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Helena Rubinstein, who first offered the sun protection cream and commercialized mascaras and coloured face powders, was born and established its first cosmetics company in Poland in Krakow's Kazimierz. She was called "The Empress of Beauty." One of the richest women in the world was always one step ahead of their competitors.

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The height of the Eiffel Tower in Paris changes with the seasons. As you might guess, this phenomenon is the result of thermal expansion of steel. The maximum height difference between the warmest and the coldest period of the year is approx. 18 cm.

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The cosmetics industry in Poland has been flourishing continuously for several years. The products of such Polish brands as Irena Eris, Dax Cosmetics and Inglot can be found on drugstore shelves around the world. The Ministry of Economy has not been indifferent to the development of this sector and has recognized it as one of the 15 flagship branches of the Polish industry. Poland is one of the largest cosmetics markets in Europe. Its value amounts to EUR 2.86 billion, resulting in the 6th place in the Old Continent. Cosmetics "Made in Polska" are exported to over 130 countries worldwide. The income from exports in 2013 amounted to more than EUR 2.13 billion. The Polish producers do well also in the domestic market. While global companies take control in other European countries, the Polish producers still have more than 50% share in the domestic market in the segment of skin care products. The cosmetics industry provides more than 19 thousand jobs. The attractiveness of the Polish cosmetics industry is reinforced by a special three-year promotional program launched by the Ministry of Economy. There are more than 100 companies involved in the program, which, among others, present their products in the Polish National Pavilion at the most important cosmetics trade fairs in the world. So far, the industry has been supported with the amount of PLN 25 million.

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In July 2014, in Brazil, a hitherto unknown tribe was discovered on the banks of the Envira River in the Amazon rainforest. The group from the Brazilian National Indian Foundation (FUNAI), together with members of the Ashaninka tribe, met the tribe. During the meeting, the employees of the foundation managed to shoot a film which shows the members of this unique community, whose representatives were carrying bows and arrows. This savage tribe has not been identified so far, but it is estimated that it is one of the 15 groups that had no previous contact with the outside world and other people.

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On 9 June 2014, the world record in using solar energy was beaten in Germany. 50.6% of all energy consumed in Germany came from photovoltaic cells. Solar energy is very popular in Germany. Unlike in other countries, the energy from photovoltaic cells is not supplied mainly by large farms. More than 90% of photovoltaic panels working in Germany is located on the roofs of residential or office buildings. Recently, they broke two other records. On 6 June, between 13:00 and 14:00, these panels provided 24.24 gigawatts of power, and during the whole week they produced 1.26 TWh.

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Graphene hydrogen fuel tanks will allow vehicles to cross the country from the Tatra Mountains to the Baltic Sea without refuelling. They will be also suitable for spaceships. There is a long way to go to achieve an ambitious goal. This scientific journey is financed by the Graf-Tech National Centre for Research and Development program. The project is managed by Professor Piotr Kula from Lodz University of Technology, and his team is supported by the industrial partner - Seco/Warwick. The research carried out by the Professor Piotra Kula's team is a breakthrough on a world scale, because in future, it will enable the use of hydrogen instead of oil in automotive industry. This is the target of the research. The graphene produced by the professor Kula's team is ultralight and has high strength. Tests confirm that it can be successfully used as a material for hydrogen storage. Such a material will be able to absorb and recover hydrogen by changing the temperature. Chemical bonding of individual hydrogen atoms with the surface of graphene ensures its storage. Hydrogen stored in this way will not decrease its concentration over time. At the appropriate time, hydrogen will be recovered in the molecular state by heating the hydrogen reservoir. In the future, such hydrogen may be a source of energy for powering car or spaceship engines. Before the use of graphene brings benefits to the economy and makes life easier for us, many investments will be needed. Poland has already been investing. The National Research and Development Centre has allocated nearly PLN 4.9 million for the project. Seco / Warwick SA has paid about 1.3 PLN million to support the research. – The project concerns the development of a new material based on graphene for reversible hydrogen storage, with the further prospect for use in the automotive industry as reservoirs for the new generation fuel. In the short term, the material will be used in various industrial applications. It will be useful, among others, for filtration of gases, separation of various mixtures in numerous technological processes - says professor Kula.

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One ton of used mobile phones contains, among others, 130 kg of copper, 3.5 kg of silver and 340 grams of gold. In Japan, the largest amount of gold is stored not in the vaults but just in electronic products. "Urban ore" from discarded equipment is therefore a very valuable source of raw materials. Polish scientists work on efficient recovery of these resources within REMET project.

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As early as 3.5 thousand years ago, residents of the north-western part of China, as the first people in the world, systematically exploited coal as an energy source. Today, China consumes almost as much coal as the rest of the world combined. While looking for traces of bronze casting in the north of China, John Dodson of the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation in Sydney and his colleagues from China surveyed, among others, ancient slag heaps, where they found pieces of burnt brown coal.

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Make-up - the story of Max Factor. In 1909, Polish immigrant Max Factor, actually Maksymilian Faktorowicz, born on 15 September 1872 in Zduńska Wola, established the brand that soon became one of the most significant in the history of beauty. At the turn of the twentieth century, cosmetics were not easy to apply. Along with the blossoming of the first silent films, Max Factor spread his wings thanks to the invention of the washable foundation make-up for film actors and the use of tubes for storing cosmetics, which gave him the ease and lightness of the work on the film set. The essence of Max's success in the field of film make-up was the awareness of the slight difference between the colour sensitivity of the film emulsion (black-white emulsion and colour emulsion) and the colour sensitivity of the human eye. Thanks to precisely selected colours of lipsticks and powders, faces of actors and actresses looked more naturally on the screen. 1930 was the revolutionary year for the whole cosmetics industry. Along with the improvement of the quality of black-and-white film, the need for matting the actor skin arose. When the first colour film was shown, Max and his son Frank developed "Pan-cake" cosmetic, i.e. the powder compact. It was one of the first cosmetics in convenient and easily portable package. In the same year, the first lip gloss in the history of cosmetics was created in order to improve the look of actresses' lips on the screen. The cosmetic was available in the first place only for actresses. However, the interest in the cosmetic was so great that two years later it was launched to the market under the name of: "X-rated". Nail lacquer was another challenge. Max created a tinted powder, which emphasized the natural pink shade of nails, and white enamel to be applied to nail tips. The first concept of the French manicure was created in this way. At his son's prompting, Max gave one general name to all his cosmetics: "make-up". An interesting fact, which add colour to his biography, is that he also got an Oscar for make-up in 1929.